{"id":19556,"date":"2019-07-11T14:02:36","date_gmt":"2019-07-11T12:02:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/infnimport.sitebysite.it\/2019\/07\/11\/ecco-il-modello-di-come-si-replica-un-prione-la-proteina-responsabile-del-morbo-della-mucca-pazza-2\/"},"modified":"2024-11-19T22:18:14","modified_gmt":"2024-11-19T21:18:14","slug":"ecco-il-modello-di-come-si-replica-un-prione-la-proteina-responsabile-del-morbo-della-mucca-pazza-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infn.it\/en\/ecco-il-modello-di-come-si-replica-un-prione-la-proteina-responsabile-del-morbo-della-mucca-pazza-2\/","title":{"rendered":"A COMPUTATIONAL MODEL REVEALS THE MECHANISM OF REPLICATION OF PRIONS, THE INFECTIOUS AGENTS RESPONSIBLE FOR MAD COW DISEASE"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\" alignleft size-full wp-image-3639\" style=\"margin: 10px; float: left;\" src=\"https:\/\/infnimport.sitebysite.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/fibrille_prioni_web.jpg\" alt=\"fibrille prioni web\" width=\"380\" \/>JOINT PRESS RELEASE INFN-TELETHON-UNITN. The study, from the Dulbecco Telethon Institute and the University of Trento in collaboration with the Italian National Institute of Nuclear Physics and other two academic centers in Spain and Canada, will open up new research avenues to design drugs against incurable neurodegenerative disorders.<em><br \/><\/em><\/p>\n<p>An article published in the journal <em>PLOS Pathogens <\/em>reports a realistic computational model for the structure and mechanism of replication of prions, infectious agents responsible for mad cow disease and other neurodegenerative disorders of human and animals. The study was carried out in the Dulbecco Telethon Laboratory of Prions &amp; Amyloids at CIBIO, lead by Emiliano Biasini, University of Trento and involved the team led by Prof. Pietro Faccioli, a physicist from the same university and affiliated to the Italian National Institute of Nuclear Physics.<\/p>\n<p>Prions are unusual infectious agents made by aberrantly folded forms of a physiological protein called the cellular prion protein, or PrP<sup>C<\/sup>. These pathogens are known to replicate in absence of genetic material by recruiting normal PrP<sup>C<\/sup> molecules at the surface of cells and forcing them to change conformation and become infectious themselves. The resulting accumulation of prion particles in the nervous system lies at the root of neurodegenerative conditions known as transmissible spongiform encephalopathies, including Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, fatal familial insomnia and Gerstmann-Str\u00e4ussler-Scheinker in human, but also a variety of other pathologies in mammals such as the famous mad cow disease, which in the nineties caused a large epidemics in UK and Europe and several cases of cross-species transmission to human caused by the ingestion of infected meat.<\/p>\n<p>\u00abEven though we know the existence of prions since 1982, thanks to the work of Nobel Laureate Stanley Prusiner, direct information regarding the structure of these non-canonical infectious agents is still lacking\u00bb \u2013 says Emiliano Biasini, Assistant Telethon Scientist and Associate Professor at the Department CIBIO, University of Trento. \u00abIn fact, their insoluble and aggregated nature hampers the use of classical high resolution techniques for studying protein structures such as X-ray crystallography or nuclear magnetic resonance. However, such information is instrumental to rationally design drugs against these agents. In an attempt to fill this gap, we found unexpected help from a discipline usually considered far away from biology or chemistry, that is particles physics\u00bb.<em> <\/em><\/p>\n<p>Telethon researchers revised previous models of prion structure and proposed a novel architecture consistent with recent experimental data. This new model allowed Pietro Faccioli\u2019s group to apply their innovative algorithms for the reliable prediction of protein conformational transitions to the prion replication mechanism <em>\u00abCross-disciplinarity has been the key\u00bb<\/em> \u2013 explains Giovanni Spagnolli, Ph.D. student at the Department CIBIO, University of Trento and first author of the paper. \u00abWithout the contribution of the colleagues from physics we would have never been able to afford the kind of calculation required to simulate such complex systems. For the first time we reconstructed a physically-plausible mechanism of prion replication, which now allow us to formulate new hypotheses and design new drug discovery schemes to tackle the neurodegenerative processes unleashed by these infectious agents\u00bb.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;\u00abThe calculation algorithms that allowed the reconstruction of prion replication are derived from mathematical methods of theoretical physics, originally formulated to study phenomena of the subatomic world, such as the quantum tunneling effect. These mathematical methods have been adapted here to allow the simulation of complex biomolecular processes such as the folding and aggregation of proteins\u00bb \u2013 says Pietro Faccioli, Associate Professor at the Department of Physics, University of Trento and affiliated to the Italian National Institute for Nuclear Physics.<\/p>\n<p>The study has been supported by the Italian Telethon Foundation and included collaborators from the University of Santiago de Compostela (Spain) and the University of Alberta (Canada)<em><\/em><\/p>\n<p>*<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/journals.plos.org\/plospathogens\/article?id=10.1371\/journal.ppat.1007864\">Giovanni Spagnolli, Marta Rigoli, Simone Orioli, Alejandro M. Sevillano, Pietro Faccioli, Holger Wille, Emiliano Biasini &amp; Jes\u00f9s R. Requena, \u201cFull atomistic model of prion structure and conversion\u201d. <em>PLOS Pathogens<\/em><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong>&nbsp;<\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/drive.google.com\/open?id=1wxbn35OjpIqFRLSJt1Gf4qs9UNXcpwdq\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff; text-decoration: underline;\">Video<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>JOINT PRESS RELEASE INFN-TELETHON-UNITN. The study, from the Dulbecco Telethon Institute and the University of Trento in collaboration with the&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":5366,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[58],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-19556","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-press-releases-2019"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>A COMPUTATIONAL MODEL REVEALS THE MECHANISM OF REPLICATION OF PRIONS, THE INFECTIOUS AGENTS RESPONSIBLE FOR MAD COW DISEASE - Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.infn.it\/en\/ecco-il-modello-di-come-si-replica-un-prione-la-proteina-responsabile-del-morbo-della-mucca-pazza-2\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"A COMPUTATIONAL MODEL REVEALS THE MECHANISM OF REPLICATION OF PRIONS, THE INFECTIOUS AGENTS RESPONSIBLE FOR MAD COW DISEASE - Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"JOINT PRESS RELEASE INFN-TELETHON-UNITN. 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